Roofing



Dec. 29 1925.

H. M. MORGAN JR ROOFING Filed Feb. 21, 1924 Patented Dec. 29,

nmnw a. xonom, on, or nonwoon, msaaonusnna noormo.

Application filed February l1, 1924. Serial 80. 694,188.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I. Hmmr M. Morons, Jr" 11 citizen of the United States, residing at Norwood, in the county of Norfolk and 5 State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Roofing, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to roofing, more particularly of. that type comprising overlapping course-sot elements of sheet material such as the so called asphalt roofing. This material is somewhat flexible and trouble is often experienced from the free lower ends of the elements being bent up by the wind or curling, so as to permit ram, snow and sleet to drive up under them. At least two layers of this material over the entire surface of the roof havehitherto been necessary; therefore, to Insure a weatherproof roof. 0

According to the present invention the necessity of so great an overlap betyveen the courses is eliminated without impairing the weatherproofing capabilities of the roof, :1 single layer only of the material being required over a substantial proportion of its area. The total area of roofim! material required to weatherproof a roof is thus mate. rially .reduced, the cost being reduced pro-' portionally. v v

'As heretofore constructed, where rectanlarelements have been empl0y dv hey ii dve been in overlapping relation only between supe osed horizontal, courses. In the construction of the resent invention the horizontal adjacentin ividual elements are als'oin overlapping relation, and are interlocked both laterally and vertically so that theiredges can not raise and permit the weather; to. reach the interlying roofing i For.',e ,njmre complete understanding of this inuention reference may be had to the Figure 3 is a. fragmentary rspectiye of a portion of a roof laidup with these units.

Eac roofina' element comprises a rectum ilar piece ofsubstantiallv flat sheet roofmg material of substantially uniform thickness from side to side as at 1 having its lower corner at one edge out out as at? in rectangular formation. At any desired. distance above the upper edge of this cut-out 2 is a mark 3 which may. if desired, be in the form of a slit. Extending forwardly from the opposite side edge of a unit is a slit 4 substantially in alinem nt with'the upper edge of the cut-out 2 defining! a laterally directed tab 5.. In order to prevent tearing of the material it is preferable to perforate the element at the inner endof the slit as shown at 6. it being noted that. the slit 4 mergeswith the perforation 6 at its upper portion. Substantially midway-of the width of the sheet is an angular-slit 7 havinsea portion 8 (extending perpendicularly inwardlv from the lower edge of the unit and a portion 9 extending from-the upper end of the slit portion 8 toward the slit 4. The

inner end of the slit 9 also. minutes in a perforation 10.

The elements are laid on the roof'in overlapped interlocking relation in horizontal courses as indicated in Figures 2 and 8, the

tab '5 being bent backwardly; and passed preferably, terunder the complements! edge of -the adiacent element of the same course inwardly of the cut-out 2 while the portion 11 of the side edge above the slit 4 overlaps. theedge rtion 12-above the cut-out 2' of the adjacent unit. The units-are'held-to the roof by nails, one of which is driven at 'abetween the cutout 2 and theinark or slot 8 before the next adjacent unit is interlocked therewith. and

the other being driven through the upper diagonally opposite corner as at 6 The laterally directed tab 15 formed by the angularcnt-out 7 of each element of each ncconipenying drawings in which- 1 1s a perspectlveflof on of he course is brought under the edge portion 11 --=.roofi ng.elemepts. I 'of 'a' unit ofthe course beneath, each superlgil 'p a g 'x v posed element being moved downward! 'unustrat g the m nn r i hi nits til the mark 8' thereon coincides wit' the 1ac'ent to each other horizontally and veru r edge of the element ofth'e under ticelly. are interlocked. ppe lying course. Thisinarl: 8 is nerely an m indication of the amount of overlap between the successive courses. By causing the slits to terminate eccentrically of the perforations the exposed edges of the units at the slots when laid are straigaht so that the perforations are notnoticea 1e though-they do 1115: lto render tearing of the material less Be cause of the-nailsdriven at the points a, the lower edges of the elements are held down tightly to the roof adjacent their mating side ed s, while the tabs 15 fittin beneath the e ge portion 11 of the under ying course ad'acent to the nails 6, insures that the centra portions of the elements at their lower edges shall also be held down firmly to the roof. Each element is therefore held to the roof at three points along its lower edge, either directly, or by its interlocking connection with an adjacent element close to where this latter element is directly held and without the necessity of folding the material.

By positioning the tabs 15 substantially midway of the side edges of the elements, the overlapping side edges of the element in adjacent cours s are staggered as is clearly illustrated in Figure 3.

By efi'ecting this interlocking lapping relation between the individual elements of each course and the elements of adj acent courses, a single thickness of roofing material only is positionedover a substantial proortion ofthe roof area, the elements being held together in such a manner that more overlap is not necessary to provides. weatherproof roof. It will be noted that'none of the nails are exposed to the weather when the roof is laid as they are covered by overlyilrig elements.

aving thus described an embodiment of this invention it should be evident to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications might be 'made therein without departing'from its spiritor scope as defined by the appendedclam s.

I claim r 1. A roof comprising roofing elements substantially flat from edge to edge laid in'overlapping courses, each element having ortions of itsedges overlapping and un erlapping the ad acent edge of an element of the same course and a portion formed to underlap an element of the next adjacent underlying course. I 2. A roof comprising roofing elements laid in overlapping courses each element having a slit extending inwar yirom one; side ed defining an upper portion constructed overlie the ad acent edge of an'element of the same course and a lower portion formed tounderlie said edge and haying an a le slot extending inwardly from its lower a to form alaterally directed tab g g b e beneath an upper side edge portion of an a rectangular place of sheet material ving -a rectangular rtion cut from one of its lower corners, a s It cut in from its opposite side edge insubstantial alinement with the upper edge of said rectangular cut-out, and an angular silt extending upwardly from its linger edge and then toward said side edge as 1,

4; A roof'comprisin overlap roofin elements, each of sai elementi li ving afi angle slit extending inwardly from one ed an defining a tab engageable beneath t e edge of another element overlapped by said tab carrying element.

5. A roo comprisin overlapping roofing elements, each of sai elements having an angle slit extending upwardly and laterally from its lower edge and defining a. tab engaging beneath the upwardly extending edge portion of an overlapped element.

6. A roof comprising overlapping roofing elements, each of said elements having an angle slit extending upwardly and laterally from its lower edge and defining a tab on gaging beneath an edge portion of an overlappe element. e

A roofcomprising courses of overlapping elements, a lurality of fasteners passed through each e ement for fixing said element in position, each of said fasteners being covered by an overlap ing element and each of said overlapping e ements having a portion adjacent to the fastener overlapped that element underlying the element t rou h which the fastener passes.

8. roof comprising courses; of flexible overlapping elements, .a plurality of fasteners passedthrough each element for fixing said elements in osition. each of said fasteners being covere by an overlapping element having meansadjacent to said fastener for interlocking with the element through which the fastener p 9. A roof comprising overlapping courses of elements, a pair of fastenings assed through each element for retaining said element in position one of which fastenings is adjacent to the lower edge of said element, and each element overlying a pair of fastenings passingthrongh adjacent elements.

10. A roof comprising overlapping courses of elements, a pair of fastemngs passed throu h each element for retaining said element in position, one of which fastenings is adjacent to the lower edge of said element, and each element overlying a pair of fastenings 1passing through adjacent elements and inter ocked adjacent to said fastenings with said elements.

11. A roof comprising overlapping courses of elements, a pair of fastenmgs p assed through each ele ment in position ment for retaining said eleone of which fastening's is adjacent to the lower edge of said element,

each element ove rlyingilear its lower edge a pair of fastenings passing through adjacent elements.

'of elements, a through each ele pair of fastenings assed ment for retalnmg said element in position adjacent to its lower edge, each element overlying near its lower edge a pair of fastenings passing through adjacent elements, and interlocked adjacent to said fastenings with said elements.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature.

HENRY M. MORGAN, J a.

one of which fastenings is 1 through each element for retaining said element in position, one of which fastenings is adjacent to the lower edge of said element, each element overlying near its lower edge a pair of fastenings passing through adiaeent elements.

19. A roof comprising overlapping courses of elements, a pair of fastenings passed through each element for retaining said element in position, one of which fastenings is adjacent to its lower edge, each element overlying near its lower edge a pair of fastenings passing through adjacent elements, and interlocked adjacent to said fastenings with said elements.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature.

HENRY M. MORGAN, J a.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,567,538, granted December 29, 1925, upon the application of Henry M. Morgan, jr., of Norwood, Massachusetts,

for

underlying;

an improvement in Roofing, an error appears in the requiring correction as follows: Page 1, line 40, for the wor and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction rinted specification 5 interlying read therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oflice.

Signed and sealed this 26th day of January, A. D. 1926.

WM. A. KINNAN, Acting Gommissz'oner of Patents.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,567,538, granted December 29, 1925, upon the application of Henry M. Morgan, jr., of Norwood, Massaehusetts, for an improvement in Roofing, an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 1, line 40, for the word interlying read underlying; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Ofiice.

Signed and sealed this 26th day of January, A. D. 1926.

[emu] WM. A. KINNAN,

Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

